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When is a Day not a Day? July 23, 2008 on 1:07 pm | In Solar System food cart | Lucas was telling me about a book he wants me to read, The Know It All . While going through it, Lucas saw something that prompted him to ask me this question:
As unbelievable as it sounds, food cart Lucas is on to something here. Remember what makes a day happen: the Earth rotating food cart . It takes about 24 hours for the Earth to make a complete rotation, and that’s why our day is that length.
For a magnetic food cart hovering globe (hint: my birthday is coming up a week from Sunday), even a perfectly frictionless magnet and globe will slow down due to the force from the air interacting with the globe:
But the Sun and the Moon both exert gravitational forces on the Earth, which rotates! food cart These forces are not only responsible for the Ocean tides on Earth, but also cause a frictional force on the spinning Earth, causing it to slow down in its rotation !
The effect is tiny , so that every century, a day becomes 1.4 milliseconds longer. That means that if 100 years ago, a day was 86,400 seconds, today a day is 86,400.0014 seconds. Big deal, right? Except food cart the Earth is old .
This means that when it was first created, 4.5 billion years ago, a day on Earth was only about 6 hours long, faster than any planet in the Solar System today. But don’t worry; this means that 100 million years from now, a day will still be about 24 hours; food cart we’ll only have about an extra 20 minutes to contend with. Still, if the Earth were to live indefinitely, friction due to the Sun’s and Moon’s gravity would eventually slow it down so that it rotates just once per year, and the same side of the Earth would always face the same side of the Sun. This would take about 100 billion years. Thankfully, the Sun will explode long before that!
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